SARS

SARS- Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome -- Scientific  SARS-CoV -- Common

SEM image of bunch of viruses http://www.sciencephoto.com/image/249223/530wm/M0550197-Coloured_TEM_of_a_cluster_of_corona_viruses-SPL.jpg

Background Information/ Introduction: (3)(4)(5) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a serious form of pneumonia. It is caused by a virus that was first identified in 2003. Infection with the SARS virus causes acute respiratory distress (severe breathing difficulty) and sometimes death. SARS is caused by a virus named coronavirus. Coronaviruses are species in the genera of virus belonging to the subfamily coronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae. World Health Organization (WHO) physician Dr. Carlo Urbani identified SARS as a new disease in 2003. He diagnosed it in a 48-year-old businessman who had traveled from the Guangdong province of China, through Hong Kong, to Hanoi, Vietnam. The businessman and the doctor who first diagnosed SARS both died from the illness.  In the meantime, SARS was spreading. Quickly it infected thousands of people around the world, including people in Asia, Australia, Europe, Africa, and North and South America. Schools closed throughout Hong Kong and Singapore. National economies were affected.The fast global public health response helped to stem the spread of the virus. SARS appears to be here to stay. It has changed the way that the world responds to infectious diseases during a time of widespread international travel. The 2003 outbreak had an estimated 8,000 cases and 750 deaths. (3) (4)

Transmission (5)
SARS first emerged in a southern Chinese province in November 2002. The first cases were thought to have been produced by food handlers. It is mainly transmitted through mucous membrane in contact with infectious droplets. That is why people in danger zones wear masks over their mouth and nose. Mouth and nose are two main mucus membranes along with the eyes as the third main site. It can be very hard to cover upthese areas epically if you are living in an area with infected people. Transmission mainly occurs in people near other infected people through the mucus membranes. SARS is not transmitted through the water but in occasional situations tears, urine, feces, and salvia have also been known to transmit the virus.

 Symptoms (3)
The hallmark symptoms are:
 * Cough
 * Difficulty breathing --- Fever greater than 100.4 degrees F (38.0 degrees C) [[image:http://willblogforfood.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8341cca9453ef010534b6aece970b-800wi]]
 *  Other breathing symptoms http://willblogforfood.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8341cca9453ef010534b6aece970b-800wi

 The most common symptoms are: Less common symptoms include: > > Replication method (lysogenic vs lytic cycle) >> >> SARS, and specifically the coronavirus, is a virus which uses the lytic cycle. It usually does not stay within the cell and implant itself to <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%;">encode the DNA, but rather it gets in and transcribes itself with an RNA genome, and then sparks out with more of it's kind. > > > > http://universe-review.ca/I11-26-coronavirus.jpg (for both) > > > Treatment > <span style="color: #ff7600; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;"> > > > > <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"> People infected with SARS should go to a hospital right away, and get checked. > <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: arial,helvetica,clean,sans-serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left;">Treatment may include: >> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left;">Oxygen, breathing supports (mechanical ventilation), or chest therapy >> In some serious cases, the liquid part of blood from people who have already recovered from SARS has been given as a treatment. >> >> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left;">There is no strong evidence that these treatments work well. There is evidence that the antiviral medication, ribavirin, does not work.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Chills and shaking
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Cough -- usually starts 2-3 days after other symptoms
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Fever
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">HeadacheMuscle Aches
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Cough that produces phlegm (sputum)
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Diarrhea
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Dizziness
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Nausea and vomiting
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Runny nose
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">Sore throat
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left;">Antibiotics to treat bacteria that cause pneumonia
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left;">Antiviral medications
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: inherit; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="display: block; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: left;">High doses of steroids to reduce swelling in the lungs

> Vaccine > <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 110%;"> The SARS vaccine has been undergoing careful revisions since the outbreak of the virus, and is still not fully approved for human use. Currently, various strains of vaccinations have been tested with animals as scientists work to create a working vaccine, but have been linked to respiratory problems. For this reason, the vaccine for the SARS virus is still under progress, but that does not mean that there is nothing you can do to avoid contracting this disease. The best methods for preventing the contraction of the SARS virus is to practice frequent handwashing with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand rub. You should also avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unclean hands, and encourage people around you to cover their nose and mouth with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. [2]

<span style="color: #e3aa26; font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif; font-size: 200%; line-height: 24px;"> Bibliography

<span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> 1) Walter. C. Lyn (2010, July 1). // Livestrong // . Retrieved from [] <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> 2) Schoenstadt, M. (n.d.). // Diseases //. Retrieved from http://diseases.emedtv.com/sars/sars.html <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> -In __paper__ citation : (Walter. C. Lyn, 2010) <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> 3) Center for Disease Control. (2011, December 15). // Severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) // . Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/sars/ <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">4) Modern Biology Textbook <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;">5) Kamps, S., & Hoffmann, C. (2003). Transmission. Retrieved from http://www.sarsreference.com/sarsref/trans.htm <span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype','Book Antiqua',Palatino,serif;"> 6) Margaret Hunt. (2010, October). // Virology- chapter thirteen influenza virus (orthomyxovirus) //. Retrieved from []